[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":136},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$fRecKxBtpKT5aqas9WsvkxUf4PlLYlu-J054DJrL-BT8":3},{"guide":4,"relatedTerms":123},{"slug":5,"name":6,"title":7,"h1":8,"tldr":9,"target":10,"timing":11,"offerings":12,"steps":33,"taboos":42,"variants":48,"faq":68,"sources":84,"related":92},"guonian","過年拜拜","過年拜拜怎麼拜?從送神到天公生的時間、供品、流程一次看(附南北差異)","過年拜拜怎麼拜?","過年拜拜是一整段行程,不是單一天的事:年前臘月十六尾牙、廿四送神,除夕辭年圍爐,年後初四接神、初五迎財神開市、初九天公生,到正月十五元宵收尾。民間口訣「送神早、接神晚」,各日拜的對象與供品都不同;本文照時間軸整理總覽,各單日的細節流程連到對應節日頁。","過年這段期間拜的對象一路輪替:尾牙拜土地公謝一年照顧;送神日恭送灶神等家神返天庭述職;除夕辭年拜天公、神明與祖先,並拜地基主;初四接神迎眾神回鑾;初五開市拜土地公、迎財神;初九天公生拜玉皇上帝,是閩南習俗全年最隆重的一拜;十五元宵拜三官大帝中的上元天官,兼拜祖先。家中有無安神位、是閩南或客家背景,拜的日子與規模各家不同,依家中長輩與地方習俗為準。","年前:臘月十六尾牙(下午拜土地公)、臘月廿四送神(民間講「送神早」,清晨愈早愈好);除夕上午辭年拜神明祖先、下午拜地基主、晚上圍爐。年後:初一開正走春,初四接神(「接神晚」,常見下午申時後),初五隔開開市,初九天公生(初八深夜十一點子時起拜),正月十五元宵。單日時辰各節日頁有細說,另可用吉時查詢挑好時段。",[13,17,20,23,26,30],{"name":14,"tier":15,"note":16},"年粿、發粿","基本","年粿(甜粿)取年年高升、發粿取發財之意;除夕辭年與初九天公生幾乎必備,蒸得愈「發」愈討喜",{"name":18,"tier":15,"note":19},"柑橘等吉祥水果","橘子(大吉)、蘋果(平安)、鳳梨(旺來)通用整段年節;走春帶柑橘伴手也常見",{"name":21,"tier":15,"note":22},"糖果甜料","送神日重點供品:湯圓、麥芽糖、糖瓜,民間認為讓灶神嘴甜、上天言好事;過年期間亦擺甜料盒待客",{"name":24,"tier":15,"note":25},"清茶三杯","各日通用,倒約七分滿;除夕與天公生亦有以茶代酒或茶酒並陳者",{"name":27,"tier":28,"note":29},"三牲","加分","尾牙、除夕辭年、初五開市常見;天公生講究者用頂桌素下桌葷,素齋供頂桌敬天公",{"name":31,"tier":28,"note":32},"金紙(依對象)","拜天公用天公金、壽金,拜土地公用福金,送神加甲馬(神馬)供神明代步;種類多,問當地金香舖最穩當",[34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41],"臘月十六尾牙:下午拜土地公,謝祂一年來照顧,供三牲、水果、福金;公司行號多在這前後辦尾牙宴。細節見尾牙節日頁。","臘月廿四送神:恭送灶神與家中眾神返天庭述職,民間講「送神早」,清晨愈早愈有禮;供甜湯圓、糖瓜等甜料,金紙加甲馬。送神後才可清囤大掃除、擦拭神像。細節見送神日節日頁。","除夕辭年:上午拜天公與家中神明、祭祖謝平安,下午拜地基主(矮桌朝屋內,熱飯菜一份),晚上圍爐守歲、發壓歲錢。細節見除夕節日頁與拜地基主指南。","初一開正走春:開正時刻(依當年干支擇吉時)開門迎新年,上頭香、到廟裡走春祈福;素齋、甜料、四果皆宜。細節見春節節日頁。","初四接神:迎眾神回鑾,民間講「接神晚」,常見下午申時之後拜;供牲禮或甜料、水果,燒金紙加甲馬與雲馬,鳴炮恭迎。細節見接神日節日頁。","初五隔開、迎財神開市:過年禁忌至此解除,撤下供了數日的年粿甜料;公司行號多選這天開工開市,上午拜土地公、迎五路財神。細節見迎財神節日頁與開工拜拜指南。","初九天公生:玉皇上帝聖誕,閩南習俗全年最隆重——初八深夜十一點子時一到即開拜,頂桌供素齋、下桌供牲禮,燒天公金;講究者搭燈座、綁甘蔗。細節見天公生節日頁。","正月十五元宵:上元天官大帝聖誕,拜天官祈福、兼祭祖,供湯圓取團圓之意;賞花燈、吃元宵,年節至此圓滿收尾。細節見元宵節日頁。",[43,44,45,46,47],"送神前不大掃除神桌:民間認為神明還在家中,清囤、擦神像、整理香爐要等臘月廿四送神之後才動手,順序不宜顛倒。","「送神早、接神晚」不反著做:送神搶早表示不耽誤神明返天庭,接神拜晚一點表示不催促;一說接神在初四下午申時後最合禮,各地說法略異,依家中慣例即可。","初一至初四常見禁忌:民間有初一不掃地倒垃圾(怕掃走財氣)、不打破器物、不動刀剪、不催人起床等說法,多在初五「隔開」後解除;信不信各家不同,長輩在意就順著做。","拜天公的供品與金紙不與一般神明混用:天公生頂桌用素齋、燒天公金,民間認為用一般三牲、刈金拜天公失禮;拿不準時問金香舖或廟方。","除夕拜地基主不用高桌:與拜神明相反,地基主用矮桌、在屋內朝屋內拜,兩案分開不混供。",{"aLabel":49,"bLabel":50,"rows":51},"北部常見做法","中南部常見做法",[52,56,60,64],{"topic":53,"a":54,"b":55},"天公生的拜法","家中正廳向天處設頂桌下桌,初八子時起拜,講究燈座、甘蔗","亦多到天公廟(如天壇)排隊搶頭香;家拜規模較簡者天亮再拜也常見",{"topic":57,"a":58,"b":59},"送神的對象","一說送的是灶神為主,眾神隨行","一說家中眾神連同灶神一併送,僅地基主、祖先不送;各家說法並存",{"topic":61,"a":62,"b":63},"開市日的選法","多定初五隔開即開市,取迎財神之意","亦有依農民曆另擇初五到十五間的「開市」吉日,不急在初五",{"topic":65,"a":66,"b":67},"圍爐與祭祖","除夕午後祭祖辭年,晚上圍爐","部分家庭上午即拜,亦有客家庄除夕清晨祭祖;時段各依家族慣例",[69,72,75,78,81],{"q":70,"a":71},"過年到底要拜幾次?一定每天都拜嗎?","不必每天拜。完整行程是尾牙、送神、除夕、初一、初四接神、初五開市、初九天公生、十五元宵,但民間普遍依各家慣例取捨:一般家庭多以除夕、初一、天公生為重,做生意的加尾牙與初五開市,誠心比場數重要。",{"q":73,"a":74},"「送神早、接神晚」是什麼意思?","這是民間口訣:臘月廿四送神要趕早,清晨就拜,表示不耽誤神明返天庭述職;初四接神則拜晚一點,常見下午申時後,表示不催促神明。一說也與「早送晚接、多留福氣」的心意有關,各地講法略異。",{"q":76,"a":77},"天公生為什麼初八晚上就開始拜?","因為子時(晚上十一點到凌晨一點)是初九的開始,民間認為子時頭香最誠敬,所以初八深夜十一點一到就開拜,愈早愈有禮。趕不及守子時的家庭,初九清晨或白天拜也很常見,依家中習慣即可。",{"q":79,"a":80},"除夕當天要拜哪些對象?順序怎麼排?","常見順序是先敬天神再敬地祇:上午拜天公與家中神明,接著祭祖辭年,下午拜地基主,晚上才圍爐。各地時段略有出入,共通原則是神明在前、祖先次之、地基主用矮桌另拜,不混一桌。",{"q":82,"a":83},"租屋族或家裡沒有神桌,過年怎麼拜?","沒有神位不勉強設案:可到附近廟裡走春參拜代替家拜,除夕用矮桌簡單拜地基主、備熱飯菜一份即合禮數;天公生想拜就到天公廟或在門口朝天簡拜。民間普遍認為心意到了就好,形式依居住條件從權。",[85,89],{"name":86,"url":87,"checked":88},"內政部全國宗教資訊網:玉皇上帝與年節祭祀信仰","https:\u002F\u002Freligion.moi.gov.tw","2026-07-16",{"name":90,"url":91,"checked":88},"臺灣大百科全書(文化部):送神、接神與天公生習俗","https:\u002F\u002Fnrch.culture.tw",[93,96,99,102,105,108,111,114,117,120],{"label":94,"to":95},"尾牙怎麼拜(臘月十六)","\u002Fgods\u002Fweiya",{"label":97,"to":98},"送神日(臘月廿四,送神早)","\u002Fgods\u002Fsongshen",{"label":100,"to":101},"除夕辭年拜拜流程","\u002Fgods\u002Fchuxi",{"label":103,"to":104},"春節初一開正走春","\u002Fgods\u002Fchunjie",{"label":106,"to":107},"初四接神日(接神晚)","\u002Fgods\u002Fjieshen",{"label":109,"to":110},"初五迎財神開市","\u002Fgods\u002Fying-caishen",{"label":112,"to":113},"初九天公生怎麼拜","\u002Fgods\u002Ftiangong-sheng",{"label":115,"to":116},"正月十五元宵怎麼拜","\u002Fgods\u002Fyuanxiao",{"label":118,"to":119},"拜地基主怎麼拜(除夕下午)","\u002Fguides\u002Fdijizhu",{"label":121,"to":122},"開工拜拜怎麼拜(年後開工)","\u002Fguides\u002Fkaigong",[124,128,132],{"slug":125,"term":126,"h1":127},"jisi","祭祀","『祭祀』是什麼意思?",{"slug":129,"term":130,"h1":131},"qifu","祈福","『祈福』是什麼意思?",{"slug":133,"term":134,"h1":135},"zuoya","做牙","『做牙』是什麼意思?",1788290760118]