[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":128},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$fYxdjCcr5ExtYQvYRP8LJ0s_dXUKGvdlIHJOuyYExxkM":3},{"guide":4,"relatedTerms":115},{"slug":5,"name":6,"title":7,"h1":8,"tldr":9,"target":10,"timing":11,"offerings":12,"steps":36,"taboos":42,"variants":48,"faq":72,"sources":88,"related":99},"bai-tudigong","拜土地公","拜土地公怎麼拜?時間、供品、流程與禁忌(附南北差異)","拜土地公怎麼拜?","拜土地公先看身分:一般家庭多逢農曆初一、十五上香,做生意的則在初二、十六「做牙」拜土地公,求生意順利。時間常選上午到中午前;供品用三牲或水果、酒與福金,土地公愛吃麻糬的說法最流行。一年之中,二月初二頭牙(兼土地公聖誕)與十二月十六尾牙最隆重。","拜的是福德正神,民間慣稱「土地公」,客家庄稱「伯公」:守護鄉里田地、住家與生意財路的基層神明,俗話說「田頭田尾土地公」,幾乎每個庄頭、每條街都有土地公廟,是與日常生活最親近的神。一般家庭把土地公當「厝邊的老里長」,逢初一、十五敬神時一併參拜;商家與公司行號則奉土地公為財神,逢初二、十六「做牙」祭拜,感謝祂照顧生意——家戶與商家兩套節奏錯開,是台灣民間常見的分工。","單日時段以上午到中午前最常見,下午誠心補拜亦無不可,傍晚前完成為宜。看年曆的話:家戶是每月初一、十五,商家是每月初二、十六做牙;一年第一次做牙在農曆二月初二稱「頭牙」,正逢福德正神聖誕,最後一次在十二月十六稱「尾牙」,這兩天最隆重。另有一說八月十五(中秋)是土地公的例祭日或得道日,農家秋收後謝平安,也有人加拜。",[13,17,20,23,26,29,33],{"name":14,"tier":15,"note":16},"三牲(或簡化熟食)","基本","全雞、豬肉、魚為常見組合;平常月份簡化為餅乾、糖果亦常見,豐儉由人",{"name":18,"tier":15,"note":19},"麻糬","相傳土地公愛吃軟甜的麻糬,民間也取「把錢黏住」聚財之意",{"name":21,"tier":15,"note":22},"當季水果","單數三或五樣;鳳梨(旺來)、橘子(大吉)、蘋果(平安)最百搭",{"name":24,"tier":15,"note":25},"酒或茶三杯","敬酒三巡,分三次斟至約七分滿;不備酒者以清茶代替即可",{"name":27,"tier":15,"note":28},"福金(土地公金)","專敬土地公的金紙;南北稱呼與搭配不同,依當地金香舖建議",{"name":30,"tier":31,"note":32},"刈包、潤餅","加分","做牙應景食物:民間多說頭牙吃潤餅、尾牙吃刈包(虎咬豬),也有兩者互見的講法",{"name":34,"tier":31,"note":35},"花生、糖果、發粿","取好彩頭與發財之意;客家庄常另備粄食敬伯公",[37,38,39,40,41],"認日子:一般家庭逢初一、十五,商家逢初二、十六做牙;頭牙(二月初二)與尾牙(十二月十六)最隆重,錯過正日前後幾天誠心補拜也無妨。","備供品:日常用水果、茶與福金的輕裝即可;做牙與頭牙尾牙升級到三牲、麻糬、酒,頭牙尾牙再加潤餅或刈包等應景食物。","設案上香:到住家或店面附近的土地公廟參拜,商家亦可在店門口向外設案,面向土地公廟方向;點三炷香,稟報姓名、住址(商家報店名與營業地址),感謝照顧並祈求平安順利。","候香敬酒:上香後將香插入香爐,酒分三巡漸次斟至約七分滿;等香燒過三分之二,擲筊或雙手合十請示土地公是否用畢(店門口設案沒有筊杯,合十默禱即可),再進行下一步。","燒金收供:請示後捧福金拜三拜,到金爐焚化(在廟裡依廟方指定金爐);收回的供品分給家人或員工吃,就是俗語「打牙祭」的由來,把福氣帶回來。",[43,44,45,46,47],"香未燒過三分之二、未擲筊或合十請示前,不急著收供品撤桌,民俗上視為對神明失禮。","水果避諱是「說法」不是鐵律:民間有番茄、芭樂籽不淨、釋迦形似佛頭不宜等講法,不忌者亦多;共通底線是洗淨、無腐傷、撕掉價標再上桌。","做牙求財重在感謝:民間認為拜土地公宜謝照顧、求正財,不宜求偏財賭運;心平氣和、衣著整齊,不口出穢言。","金紙不混用:福金專敬土地公,拜祖先與好兄弟的銀紙不拿來拜土地公;在廟裡燒的金紙就在廟方金爐焚化,不帶回家。","土地公與地基主分開拜:土地公在廟裡或店門口朝外拜、用高桌;地基主在自家屋內用矮桌朝內拜,兩者對象、供品與金紙都不同,不併一桌。",{"aLabel":49,"bLabel":50,"rows":51},"一般家庭常見做法","商家・公司常見做法",[52,56,60,64,68],{"topic":53,"a":54,"b":55},"拜的日子","每月初一、十五上香敬神,土地公生(二月初二)等大日子再加拜","每月初二、十六做牙;頭牙(二月初二)與尾牙(十二月十六)最隆重",{"topic":57,"a":58,"b":59},"地點與方式","就近到土地公廟參拜;家中有神位者在家上香即可","店門口向外設案,或到公司附近土地公廟;拜完供品分員工「打牙祭」",{"topic":61,"a":62,"b":63},"供品規格","清香、水果、茶的輕裝為主,大日子加三牲、麻糬","三牲、麻糬、酒與福金較講究;頭牙尾牙加潤餅或刈包,一說頭牙潤餅、尾牙刈包,也有互見者",{"topic":65,"a":66,"b":67},"尾牙的過法","一般家庭多不特別做尾牙,或簡單上香","下午先拜土地公,晚上宴請員工犒賞辛勞;現代公司多只辦聚餐,拜不拜依行業習慣",{"topic":69,"a":70,"b":71},"金紙(南北稱法有別)","福金(土地公金)為主;北部常另配刈金,南部多稱四方金——名稱各地有別,依當地金香舖建議","同用福金;做牙較講究者加壽金或刈金(南部稱四方金),頭牙尾牙份量從豐,金香舖說法為準",[73,76,79,82,85],{"q":74,"a":75},"土地公跟地基主一樣嗎?可以一起拜嗎?","不一樣。土地公是神明,管一方土地,到廟裡或店門口拜、用高桌配福金;地基主是自家宅基先前居住者的靈,在屋內用矮桌朝內拜。兩者供品、金紙與拜法都不同,傳統上分開拜、不併一桌。",{"q":77,"a":78},"頭牙、尾牙分別是哪一天?為什麼商家特別重視?","頭牙是農曆二月初二,正逢福德正神聖誕,是一年做牙的開始;尾牙是十二月十六,一年最後一次做牙。商家奉土地公為財神,開春求一整年生意順遂、年底謝一年庇佑,所以這兩天最隆重,對應國曆日期每年不同,可查本站節慶頁。",{"q":80,"a":81},"上班族或一般家庭需要做牙嗎?","傳統上做牙是商家的習俗,家裡沒做生意的不必特別做牙,逢初一、十五上香或到廟裡走走就合禮數;上班族多半只參加公司尾牙聚餐。想拜也無妨,誠意到了就好,依家中長輩與行業慣例即可。",{"q":83,"a":84},"為什麼尾牙要吃刈包、頭牙要吃潤餅?","這是流傳最廣的說法:刈包形似錢包、夾滿餡料取「錢包滿滿」之意,又稱「虎咬豬」;潤餅包金黃餡料取「包金包銀」好彩頭。民間多說頭牙吃潤餅、尾牙吃刈包,也有人兩天都吃或互換,是應景取意,不是硬性規矩。",{"q":86,"a":87},"中秋節也要拜土地公嗎?","有此一說:民間傳八月十五是土地公的例祭日,也有得道日之說,舊時農家秋收後謝伯公保佑收成,部分地區至今保留中秋拜土地公的習慣。要不要加拜依地方與家中慣例,平常有拜的順著節奏即可。",[89,93,96],{"name":90,"url":91,"checked":92},"內政部全國宗教資訊網:福德正神信仰","https:\u002F\u002Freligion.moi.gov.tw","2026-07-17",{"name":94,"url":95,"checked":92},"臺灣大百科全書(文化部):做牙與頭牙尾牙習俗","https:\u002F\u002Fnrch.culture.tw",{"name":97,"url":98,"checked":92},"教育部《臺灣台語常用詞辭典》:做牙","https:\u002F\u002Fsutian.moe.edu.tw",[100,103,106,109,112],{"label":101,"to":102},"土地公生・頭牙(二月初二)怎麼拜","\u002Fgods\u002Ftudigong",{"label":104,"to":105},"尾牙(十二月十六)怎麼拜","\u002Fgods\u002Fweiya",{"label":107,"to":108},"初一十五、初二十六怎麼分","\u002Fgods\u002Fchuyi-shiwu",{"label":110,"to":111},"拜拜供品怎麼準備(三牲、金紙)","\u002Fguides\u002Fgongpin",{"label":113,"to":114},"開工拜拜(年後開工拜土地公)","\u002Fguides\u002Fkaigong",[116,120,124],{"slug":117,"term":118,"h1":119},"zuoya","做牙","『做牙』是什麼意思?",{"slug":121,"term":122,"h1":123},"jisi","祭祀","『祭祀』是什麼意思?",{"slug":125,"term":126,"h1":127},"qifu","祈福","『祈福』是什麼意思?",1788290760126]